![]() (2000) employed a streamtube modeling approach to interpret tracer test with dipole flow Johnson and Simon (2007) employed in situ data of hydrogeological features and contaminant distribution in addition to chemical tracer test to form a robust protocol for characterizing flow pattern around VCW.īoth theory and application of multispecies reactive transport for in situ groundwater bioremediation involving a vertical circulation well (VCW) are not fully understood despite its importance and common usage in aquifer remediation practices. For example, Xiang and Kabala (1997) analyzed the effects of hydraulic conductivity and location of layers as well as chamber size on the estimated hydraulic conductivity anisotropy ratio of layered aquifer Sutton et al. Since then, extensive studies of dipole flow were carried out through mathematical modeling, physical experiments and field site tests (Bodin et al., 2012 Hvilshøj et al., 2000 Johnson & Simon, 2007 Schaad, 1998 Simon et al., 2000 Sutton et al., 2000 Xiang & Kabala, 1997 Zlotnik et al., 2007 Zlotnik & Ledder, 1996 Zlotnik & Zurbuchen, 1998). ![]() The concept "dipole flow test" was first formally proposed to be a field-tested technology by Kabala (1993) for the determination of vertical permeability.
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